Regimes of the world index (4 categories)

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Quick info
Data type Numeric
Scale Ordinal
Value labels
  • 0 = Closed autocracy
  • 1 = Electoral autocracy
  • 2 = Electoral democracy
  • 3 = Liberal democracy
Technical name polnat_polity_regimes_vdem
Category Political factors
Label Regimes of the world index (4 categories)
Related indicators

V-Dem's "Regimes of the world index" classifies political regimes on an ordinal scale ranging from closed autocracy (0) to liberal democracy (3).

Conceptually, the four regime types are defined as follows (Lührmann, Tannenberg, and Lindberg 2018, 63):

  • Closed autocracy: "No de-facto multiparty, or free and fair elections, or Dahl’s institutional prerequisites not minimally fulfilled; No multiparty elections for the chief executive or the legislature"
  • Electoral autocracy: "No de-facto multiparty, or free and fair elections, or Dahl’s institutional prerequisites not minimally fulfilled; De-jure multiparty elections for the chief executive and the legislature"
  • Electoral democracy: "De-facto multiparty, free and fair elections, and Dahl’s institutional prerequisites minimally fulfilled; The rule of law, or liberal principles not satisfied"
  • Liberal democracy: "De-facto multiparty, free and fair elections, and Dahl’s institutional prerequisites minimally fulfilled; The rule of law, and liberal principles satisfied"

Coding rules

The classification is based on several components and high level democracy indices which in turn are indices built from a number of indicators applying V-Dem's measurement model (Pemstein et al. 2021). For the index aggregation formula and cut-off points see Lührmann, Tannenberg, and Lindberg 2018, 64 (also Coppedge et al. 2021, 283).

Bibliographic info

Citation: Lührmann, Anna, Marcus Tannenberg, and Staffan I. Lindberg. 2018. "Regimes of the World (RoW): Opening New Avenues for the Comparative Study of Political Regimes." Politics and Governance 6 (1): 60–77. https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v6i1.1214

Related publications:
  • Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg, Jan Teorell, David Altman, Michael Bernhard, Agnes Cornell, M. Steven Fish, Lisa Gastaldi, Haakon Gjerløw, Adam Glynn, Allen Hicken, Anna Lührmann, Seraphine F. Maerz, Kyle L. Marquardt, Kelly McMann, Valeriya Mechkova, Pamela Paxton, Daniel Pemstein, Johannes von Römer, Brigitte Seim, Rachel Sigman, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jeffrey Staton, Aksel Sundtröm, Eitan Tzelgov, Luca Uberti, Yi-ting Wang, Tore Wig, and Daniel Ziblatt. 2021. "V-Dem Codebook v11.1" Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project.
  • Pemstein, Daniel, Kyle L. Marquardt, Eitan Tzelgov, Yi-ting Wang, Juraj Medzihorsky, Joshua Krusell, Farhad Miri, and Johannes von Römer. 2021. “The V-Dem Measurement Model: Latent Variable Analysis for Cross-National and Cross-Temporal Expert-Coded Data”. V-Dem Working Paper No. 21. 6th edition. University of Gothenburg: Varieties of Democracy Institute.

Misc

Project manager(s): Nils Düpont (A01), Paul Bederke

Data release:
  • Version 0.001: Initial release

Revisions: No revisions yet

Sources

  • Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg, Jan Teorell, Nazifa Alizada, David Altman, Michael Bernhard, Agnes Cornell, M. Steven Fish, Lisa Gastaldi, Haakon Gjerløw, Adam Glynn, Allen Hicken, Garry Hindle, Nina Ilchenko, Joshua Krusell, Anna Lührmann, Seraphine F. Maerz, Kyle L. Marquardt, Kelly McMann, Valeriya Mechkova, Juraj Medzihorsky, Pamela Paxton, Daniel Pemstein, Josefine Pernes, Johannes von Römer, Brigitte Seim, Rachel Sigman, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jeffrey Staton, Aksel Sundström, Eitan Tzelgov, Yi-ting Wang, Tore Wig, Steven Wilson and Daniel Ziblatt. 2021. "V-Dem [Country–Year/Country–Date] Dataset v11.1" Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project. https://doi.org/10.23696/vdemds21