Global Gender Gap Political Empowerment Subindex
| Quick info | |
|---|---|
| Data type | Numeric |
| Scale | Metric |
| Value labels | Not applicable |
| Technical name | socstr_si_im_gggi_pes |
| Category | Social structure |
| Label | Global Gender Gap Political Empowerment Subindex |
| Related indicators | |
"Global Gender Gap Political Empowerment Subindex" is a subindex of the "Global Gender Gap Index" that measures the gender gap in political decision-making by looking at the ratio of women to men in key political positions. The index ranges from 0 to 1, where 1 indicates no gap.
Coding rules
This subindex measures the gender gap in political decision-making by looking at the ratio of women to men in key political positions:
- Women in parliament
- Women in ministerial positions and
- Years with female/male head of state (last 50).
Currently, the participation of women and men at local levels of government is not included in the index. However, if such data becomes available for global comparison in future years, it will be considered for inclusion in the index.
To ensure consistency, all data is first converted to female-to-male ratios. These ratios are then truncated at the "equality benchmark," which is set at 1, indicating gender parity (equal numbers of women and men). After normalizing the indicators by equalizing their standard deviations, the subindex is calculated as the weighted average of the individual indicators. The highest possible score is 1 (gender parity), and the lowest is 0 (gender disparity).
The benchmarks for gender parity and disparity have remained consistent, enabling year-on-year comparisons and relative country rankings over time.
Teorell et al. (2024:1316) define the variable as "Political Empowerment (0 to 1, where 1 indicates no gap). This subindex measures the gap between men and women at the highest level of political decision-making through the ratio of women to men in ministerial positions and the ratio of women to men in parliamentary positions. In addition,
weve included the ratio of women to men in terms of years in executive office (prime minister or president) for the last 50 years. A clear drawback in this category is the absence of any indicators capturing differences between the participation of women and men at local levels of government. Should such data become available at a globally comparative level in future years, it will be considered for inclusion in the Index."
Bibliographic info
Citation:- Teorell, Jan, Aksel Sundström, Sören Holmberg, Bo Rothstein, Natalia Alvarado Pachon, Cem Mert Dalli, Rafael Lopez Valverde & Paula Nilsson (2024). The Quality of Government Standard Dataset, version Jan24. University of Gothenburg: The Quality of Government Institute, https://www.gu.se/en/quality-government, doi:10.18157/qogstdjan24
- Welzel, C. (2013). Freedom rising: Human empowerment and the quest for emancipation (1st ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- World Economic Forum. (2023). The global gender gap report 2023. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/publications/global-gender-gap-report-2023/
- Kusum Kali Pal, Kim Piaget, and Saadia Zahidi (2024). Global Gender Gap Report 2024. World Economic Forum. Available at https://www.weforum.org/publications/global-gender-gap-report-2024/
- Schäfer, Andrea and Karin Gottschall (2015): From Wage Regulation to Wage Gap. How Wage-Setting Institutions and Structures Shape the Gender Wage Gap Across Three Industries in 24 European Countries and in Germany. In: Cambridge Journal of Economics, 39 (2), p.467 - 496, http://cje.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2015/02/20/cje.bev005
Misc
Project manager(s): Responsible for data editing, description (WESIS) and entry: Andrea Schäfer (2021-2025, Version 0.001); Principal Investigator: Irene Dingeldey, Ulrich Mückenberger
Data release:- Version 0.001: Initial release with data from The Quality of Government Standard Dataset, version January 2024
Revisions: No revisions yet
Sources
- Teorell, Jan, Aksel Sundström, Sören Holmberg, Bo Rothstein, Natalia Alvarado Pachon, Cem Mert Dalli, Rafael Lopez Valverde & Paula Nilsson (2024). The Quality of Government Standard Dataset, version Jan24. University of Gothenburg: The Quality of Government Institute, https://www.gu.se/en/quality-government, doi:10.18157/qogstdjan24
- Welzel, C. (2013). Freedom rising: Human empowerment and the quest for emancipation (1st ed.). Cambridge University Press.
- World Economic Forum. (2023). The global gender gap report 2023. World Economic Forum. https://www.weforum.org/publications/global-gender-gap-report-2023/
