Difference between revisions of "Duty to bargain"

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(Created page with "{{IndicatorForm |datatype=Numeric |scale=Metric |scale=Metric |scale=Metric |valuelabels=<ul><li>1 = employers are obliged by the legislation to bargain and/or to reach an agr...")
 
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|scale=Metric
 
|scale=Metric
 
|scale=Metric
 
|scale=Metric
|valuelabels=<ul><li>1 = employers are obliged by the legislation to bargain and/or to reach an agreement with unions, works councils or other organizations of workers</li></ul>
+
|valuelabels=Not applicable
<ul><li>0 = employers can legally refuse to bargain with workers </li></ul>
 
quasi-metric scale; further gradations between 0 and 1 reflect changes in the strength of law
 
 
|techname=labor_duty_barg
 
|techname=labor_duty_barg
 
|category=Labour and labour market
 
|category=Labour and labour market
 
|label=Duty to bargain
 
|label=Duty to bargain
|relatedindicators=<ul><li>[[Right to collective bargaining]]</li></ul>
+
|relatedindicators=<ul>
<ul><li>[[Right to unionisation]]</li></ul>
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<li>[[Right to collective bargaining]]</li>
<ul><li>[[Extension of collective agreements]]</li></ul>
+
<li>[[Right to unionisation]]</li>
<ul><li>[[Closed shops]]</li></ul>
+
<li>[[Extension of collective agreements]]</li>
<ul><li>[[Codetermination board membership]]</li></ul>
+
<li>[[Closed shops]]</li>
<ul><li>[[Codetermination and information/consultation of workers]]</li></ul>
+
<li>[[Codetermination board membership]]</li>
|description=This CBR-LRI indicator measures whethers the legal system obliges employers to bargain or not.
+
<li>[[Codetermination and information/consultation of workers]]</li>
|codingrules=The CBR-LRI is a leximetric dataset on employment protection. It quantifies the strength of protection expressed in labour law and functional equivalents such as administrative regulation and collective agreements (see Adams et al. 2017). The scale ranges from "0" to "1" where "0" corresponds to the legal system allows employers to lawfully refuse bargaining with workers and "1" to the legal system obliged employers to bargain. For country-specific information see Adams, Bishop and Deakin (2016).
+
</ul>
 +
|description=This variable is taken from the CBR Labour Regulation Index Dataset (‘CBR-LRI’), which provides data on labor laws in 117 countries for the period from (in most cases) 1970 to 2022, except for post-socialist countries (see Adams et al. 2017, 2023). The variable measures the employers duty of the right to reach an agreement with official collective actors in the country's constitution (flexibly interpreted in the case of countries without a codified constitution). The CBR-LRI data was coded using provisions of law and relevant court decisions, which are taken from secondary sources, national law databases, and ILO NATLEX data. The scale ranges from "0" to "1" where "0" corresponds to legal systems where employers may lawfully refuse to bargain with workers and "1" to employers have the legal duty to bargain and/or to reach an agreement with unions, works councils or other organizations of workers.
 +
|codingrules=The coding template (algorithm) with the definition of the variable and instructions for the coding process is described in Adams et al. (2017, 2023). Adams et al. (2023:20) describe the values of the variable "Duty to bargain" as "Equals 1 if employers have the legal duty to bargain and/or to reach an agreement with unions, works councils or other organizations of workers. Equals 0 if employers may lawfully refuse to bargain with workers. Scope for further gradations between 0 and 1 to reflect changes in the strength of the law.".
 +
The assessment of the scale level in the CBR-LRI documentation and the description of the values in the template are partially contradictory. As Adams et al. (2023:7) state “Some indicators use binary coding but most use non-binary or graduated scores. The template indicates the approach to scoring in each case. Some indicators are expressed as cardinal variables (for example, those relating to minimum qualifying periods of continuous employment) but most are expressed on an ordinal scale.”. The scale level for WESIS was set uniformly to metric for all CBR-LRI data in the 1st project phase of CRC 1342; this is retained because all variables are normalised on a 0-1 scale. Users should use the WESIS scale level with caution and consult the coding template (algorithm) and values.
 
|citation=<ul>
 
|citation=<ul>
<li>Adams, Zoe, Parisa Bastani, Louise Bishop, and Simon Deakin. 2017. "The CBR-LRI Dataset: Methods, Properties and Potential of Leximetric Coding of Labour Law." ''International Journal of Comparative Labour Law and Industrial Relations'' 33 (1): 59–91.[http://kluwerlawonline.com/abstract.php?area=Journals&id=IJCL2017004 http://kluwerlawonline.com/abstract.php?area=Journals&id=IJCL2017004]</li></ul>
+
<li>Deakin, Simon, Johna Armour and Mathias Siems (2017). CBR Leximetric Datasets [updated]. [Dataset]. Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.9130</li>
 +
<li>Deakin, Simon, Johna Armour and Mathias Siems (2023). CBR Leximetric Datasets [Updated 2023]. Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.9130.2</li>
 +
</ul>
 
|relatedpublications=<ul>
 
|relatedpublications=<ul>
<li>Adams, Zoe, Louise Bishop, and Simon Deakin. 2016. CBR Labour Regulation Index (Dataset of 117 Countries). Cambridge: Centre for Business Research. [https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1810/263766/CBR_LRI_Dataset_Codebook_Methodology_2017_pdf.pdf?sequence=16&isAllowed=y https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/bitstream/handle/1810/263766/CBR_LRI_Dataset_Codebook_Methodology_2017_pdf.pdf?sequence=16&isAllowed=y]</li>
+
  <li>Adams, Zoe, Louise Bishop, and Simon Deakin. (2017). CBR Labour Regulation Index (Dataset of 117 Countries). Cambridge: Centre for Business Research. Centre for Business Research, Cambridge. at: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.9130</li>
 
+
  <li>Adams, Zoe, Bhumika Billa, Louise Bishop, Simon Deakin and Tvisha Shroff (2023). CBR Labour Regulation Index (Dataset of 117 Countries, 1970-2022) - Codes and Sources. Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge. at: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.9130.2</li>
<li>Deakin, Simon, Jonas Malmberg, and Prabirjit Sarkar. 2014. "How do labour laws affect unemployment and the labour share of national income? The experience of six OECD countries, 1970-2010". International Labour Review 153 (1): 1-27. [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.1564-913X.2014.00195.x https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/j.1564-913X.2014.00195.x]</li></ul>
+
</ul>
|projectmanagers=Karolin Meyer, Jean-Yves Gerlitz
+
|projectmanagers=Responsible for data editing, description (WeSIS) and upload: Andrea Schäfer (2021-2025, Version 0.002), Jean-Yves Gerlitz (2018-2020, Version 0.001); Principal Investigator: Irene Dingeldey, Ulrich Mückenberger; Student assistants: Karolin Meyer (2018-2020)
|datarelease=
+
|datarelease=<ul>
|revisions=
+
  <li>Version 0.001: Initial release with data from CBR-LRI published in April 2017 (data for the period from (in most cases) 1970 to 2013)</li>
|sources=Deakin, Simon, John Armour, and Mathias Siems. 2017. "CBR Leximetric Datasets [updated] [Dataset]". [https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.9130 https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.9130]
+
  <li>Version 0.002: Updated with data from CBR-LRI 2023, V2* (data for the period from (in most cases) 1970 to 2022)</li>
 +
</ul>
 +
|revisions=No revisions yet
 +
|sources=<ul>
 +
  <li>Deakin, Simon, Johna Armour and Mathias Siems (2017). CBR Leximetric Datasets [updated]. [Dataset]. Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.9130</li>
 +
  <li>Deakin, Simon, Johna Armour and Mathias Siems (2023). CBR Leximetric Datasets [Updated 2023]. Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.9130.2</li>
 +
</ul>
 
}}
 
}}

Latest revision as of 10:52, 28 November 2024

Quick info
Data type Numeric
Scale Metric
Value labels Not applicable
Technical name labor_duty_barg
Category Labour and labour market
Label Duty to bargain
Related indicators

This variable is taken from the CBR Labour Regulation Index Dataset (‘CBR-LRI’), which provides data on labor laws in 117 countries for the period from (in most cases) 1970 to 2022, except for post-socialist countries (see Adams et al. 2017, 2023). The variable measures the employers duty of the right to reach an agreement with official collective actors in the country's constitution (flexibly interpreted in the case of countries without a codified constitution). The CBR-LRI data was coded using provisions of law and relevant court decisions, which are taken from secondary sources, national law databases, and ILO NATLEX data. The scale ranges from "0" to "1" where "0" corresponds to legal systems where employers may lawfully refuse to bargain with workers and "1" to employers have the legal duty to bargain and/or to reach an agreement with unions, works councils or other organizations of workers.

Coding rules

The coding template (algorithm) with the definition of the variable and instructions for the coding process is described in Adams et al. (2017, 2023). Adams et al. (2023:20) describe the values of the variable "Duty to bargain" as "Equals 1 if employers have the legal duty to bargain and/or to reach an agreement with unions, works councils or other organizations of workers. Equals 0 if employers may lawfully refuse to bargain with workers. Scope for further gradations between 0 and 1 to reflect changes in the strength of the law.". The assessment of the scale level in the CBR-LRI documentation and the description of the values in the template are partially contradictory. As Adams et al. (2023:7) state “Some indicators use binary coding but most use non-binary or graduated scores. The template indicates the approach to scoring in each case. Some indicators are expressed as cardinal variables (for example, those relating to minimum qualifying periods of continuous employment) but most are expressed on an ordinal scale.”. The scale level for WESIS was set uniformly to metric for all CBR-LRI data in the 1st project phase of CRC 1342; this is retained because all variables are normalised on a 0-1 scale. Users should use the WESIS scale level with caution and consult the coding template (algorithm) and values.

Bibliographic info

Citation:
  • Deakin, Simon, Johna Armour and Mathias Siems (2017). CBR Leximetric Datasets [updated]. [Dataset]. Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.9130
  • Deakin, Simon, Johna Armour and Mathias Siems (2023). CBR Leximetric Datasets [Updated 2023]. Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.9130.2
Related publications:
  • Adams, Zoe, Louise Bishop, and Simon Deakin. (2017). CBR Labour Regulation Index (Dataset of 117 Countries). Cambridge: Centre for Business Research. Centre for Business Research, Cambridge. at: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.9130
  • Adams, Zoe, Bhumika Billa, Louise Bishop, Simon Deakin and Tvisha Shroff (2023). CBR Labour Regulation Index (Dataset of 117 Countries, 1970-2022) - Codes and Sources. Centre for Business Research, University of Cambridge. at: https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.9130.2

Misc

Project manager(s): Responsible for data editing, description (WeSIS) and upload: Andrea Schäfer (2021-2025, Version 0.002), Jean-Yves Gerlitz (2018-2020, Version 0.001); Principal Investigator: Irene Dingeldey, Ulrich Mückenberger; Student assistants: Karolin Meyer (2018-2020)

Data release:
  • Version 0.001: Initial release with data from CBR-LRI published in April 2017 (data for the period from (in most cases) 1970 to 2013)
  • Version 0.002: Updated with data from CBR-LRI 2023, V2* (data for the period from (in most cases) 1970 to 2022)

Revisions: No revisions yet

Sources

  • Deakin, Simon, Johna Armour and Mathias Siems (2017). CBR Leximetric Datasets [updated]. [Dataset]. Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.9130
  • Deakin, Simon, Johna Armour and Mathias Siems (2023). CBR Leximetric Datasets [Updated 2023]. Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository. https://doi.org/10.17863/CAM.9130.2