Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP
| Quick info | |
|---|---|
| Data type | Numeric |
| Scale | Metric |
| Value labels | Not applicable |
| Technical name | sdg_09_51_res_dev_expen_prop_gdp |
| Category | Sustainable development goals |
| Label | Research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP |
| Related indicators | Not applicable |
This indicator measures the research and development expenditure as a proportion of GDP in percent. It is part of monitoring the achievement and progress towards the UN Sustainable Development Goals.
Coding rules
- For detailed information and coding rules see https://unstats.un.org/wiki/spaces/SDGeHandbook/pages/34505092/Home.
Bibliographic info
Citation: United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 2024. SDG Indicators Database. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/dataportal/database.
Related publications:- United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 2025. The Sustainable Development Goals Report 2025. New York: United Nations Publications. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/report/2025/.
Misc
Project manager(s): Marius Bode, Hannes Salzmann, Carmen Cordes, Nils Düpont (INF)
Data release:- Version 0.001: Initial release
Revisions: No revisions yet
Sources
- United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 2024. SDG Indicators Database. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/dataportal/database.
- United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs. 2026. SDG Indicators Database. https://unstats.un.org/sdgs/dataportal/database.
