Restrictions of old-age pension coverage, aggregate
| Quick info | |
|---|---|
| Data type | Numeric |
| Scale | Multinomial |
| Value labels | 1 = "One restriction", 2 = "Two restrictions", 3 = "Three restrictions", 4 = "Four restrictions", 5 = "Five restrictions", 6 = "Six restrictions", -88 = "Not applicable", -66 = "Missing value" |
| Technical name | old_pension_rest_sum |
| Category | Old age and survivors |
| Label | Restrictions of old-age pension coverage, aggregate |
| Related indicators | old_pension_rest_age, old_pension_rest_wage, old_pension_rest_rel, old_pension_rest_opension, old_pension_rest_firm, old_pension_geo |
The first old-age pension programs were typically restricted to specific occupational groups (e.g. industrial workers) or social segments (e.g. the poor). Next to this occupational/social targeting, many pension laws also restricted access to pension programs for socio-economic reasons, too. This variable counts how many of the following six restrictions applied to a first old-age pension program:
- Age: Does the first old-age pension program exclude people above or below a certain age?
- Wage: Does the first old-age pension program exclude people above or below a certain wage/salary?
- Relatives: Does the first old-age pension program exclude relatives?
- Other pensions: Does the first old-age pension program exclude people that already receive another kind of pension, such as a widow pension?
- Firm size: Does the first old-age pension program exclude firms above or below a certain firm size?
- Geography: Is the first old-age pension program restricted to a specific region/territory of the country?
Coding rules
Sums the following binary variables: old_pension_rest_age, old_pension_rest_wage, old_pension_rest_rel, old_pension_rest_opension, old_pension_rest_firm, old_pension_geo
Bibliographic info
Citation: Grünewald, Aline. 2020. "The historical origins of old-age pension schemes: Mapping global patterns."Journal of International and Comparative Social Policy: 1-19. https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-international-and-comparative-social-policy/article/abs/historical-origins-of-oldage-pension-schemes/2B14501D496F04C354DE0A32F1C94BE2
Related publications: Grünewald, Aline. 2021. "From Benefits and Beneficiaries: The Historical Origins of Old-Age Pensions From a Political Regime Perspective." Comparative Political Studies 54 (8): 1424-1458.
Misc
Project manager(s): Aline Grünewald
Data release: 2021
Revisions: revisions
Sources
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