Income criterion for family reunification for citizens

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Quick info
Data type Numeric
Scale Metric
Value labels Not applicable
Technical name isr_famicit_socben_prevme_s
Category Immigrant social rights
Label q8a_income
Related indicators

It is measured whether citizen or third-country national sponsors had to meet either an income or a funds requirement for family reunification, following an “or” logic. If both requirements existed, the higher threshold was recorded (q8a_income and q8b_income).

Coding rules

Income requirement for family reunification

Citizens or third-country nationals are often asked to fulfil either income and/or funds criteria to prevent family migrants from posing a welfare burden. We operationalise this following an “or” logic. In the (rare) case that both funds and income requirements exist, the higher condition was taken

Question: In the years 2000(2019)-2021, were sponsors who were citizens required to have a specific income per month or fulfil an income criterion/prove the availability of specific financial funds?

Coding Rules [[

Value Specification
0 Status of family reunification migrant does not exist
0.4 Unspecified funds or assistance
0.5 Income higher than minimum wage
0.6 Income equal to minimum wage
0.7 Income higher than social assistance
0.8 Income equal to social assistance
0.9 Specific funds
1 No Requirements

]]

Missing values

Depending on the cause of the absence of a value, several types of missing values can be differentiated. These are as follows:

  • -991 Don’t know
  • -992 Former communist countries
  • -993 Benefit did not exist (including for citizens)
  • -994 Legal category of migrants did not exist
  • -995 Neither benefit nor legal category of migrants existed
  • -996 Missing value for Myanmar 1980-2010
  • -997 Index is missing because all underlying variables are also missing
  • -998 Missing for other reasons
  • -999 Country not in sample in 1980-1999

See the technical report for further information on data collection, coding, filters, the questionnaire, and related procedures: https://media.suub.uni-bremen.de/bitstream/elib/8858/3/WeSIS_Technical_Papers_No%2018%20%281%29.pdf

Bibliographic info

Citation: Henninger, Jakob; Junge, Mara; Römer, Friederike; Bartsch, Samera, 2025: The Immigrant Social Rights Data Set (ImmigSR). Technical Report (2., aktualisierte Ausgabe, Stand: 04.03.2025), SFB 1342 Technical Paper Series/18/2025, Bremen: CRC 1342, doi:10.26092/elib/373.

Related publications: Römer, F., Henninger, J., & Harris, E. (2024). Social protection for mobile populations? A global perspective on immigrant social rights. Social Policy & Administration, 58(1), 155–174. https://doi.org/10.1111/spol.12955

Misc

Project manager(s): Dr. Friederike Römer

Data release: 01.06.2025

Revisions:

Sources

Original CRC Data


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