Means-testing of child benefit for citizens/residents based on vulnerable employment status outside of the formal workforce

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Quick info
Data type Numeric
Scale Multinomial
Value labels 0 = "No", 1 = "Yes"
Technical name fam_cben_citres_mt_emp
Category Family and gender policies
Label Means-testing based on vulnerable employment status.
Related indicators fam_cben_citres_mt

The indicator identifies whether vulnerability is determined based on being outside of “formal” employment (e.g. unemployment, self-employment or informal). Here, eligibility for the benefit is assessed based on vulnerability of the employment status rather than contributions from employment, as a component of a means test in order to determine whether a parent or caregiver is eligible for the child benefit. The indicator aims to provide additional information on the mechanism through which a means test is determined for child benefits that are available to citizens or residents without contributions from employment (fam_cben_citres_mt).

Across many countries in the Global South, there is variation in the mechanisms adopted to determine eligibility based on vulnerability status in the absence of information on monthly incomes. The dataset aims to capture this variation through the coding of multiple means-testing mechanism which may apply in a certain country. The means test may be based on income (fam_cben_citres_mt_income), in which case the dataset also aims to provide income threshold (fam_cben_citres_mt_income_threshold). Other mechanisms may include one or a combination of the following: vulnerability determined based on geographic location (fam_cben_citres_mt_geo), proxy means testing (fam_cben_citres_mt_pmt), community-based targeting (fam_cben_citres_mt_cbt) or vulnerability determined based on the employment status, being outside of "formal" employment (fam_cben_citres_mt_emp).


Coding rules

The variable assumes the value of 1 if eligibility for the child benefit for citizens/residents is determined based on being outside of “formal” employment (e.g. unemployment, self-employment or informal), as indicated in the relevant law or program description. The variable assumes the value of 0 if otherwise.


Missing information is coded as follows:

  • -999 = No information available: Data was unavailable or could not be found.
  • -888 = Policy does not exist: Data was not collected due to knowledge that the policy either does not exist or has been discontinued.
  • -777 = Not applicable: Data was not collected because it was not relevant for this specific country or child benefit system.


Bibliographic info

Citation: Tran, Anh, Simone Tonelli, Martin Gurín, Tobias Böger, Keonhi Son, Aysegül Kayaoglu and Sonja Drobnič. Forthcoming. Codebook of Historical Dataset of Child Benefits. Bremen: SFB 1342.


Related publications: Tonelli, Simone, Tobias Böger, Keonhi Son, Petra Buhr, Sonja Drobnič, and Johannes Huinink. 2021. Codebook of Historical Dataset of Child Benefit (HDCB). Bremen: SFB 1342. https://media.suub.uni-bremen.de/handle/elib/5939.



Misc

Project manager(s): Anh Tran, Simone Tonelli, Martin Gurín, Tobias Böger, Keonhi Son, Aysegül Kayaoglu and Sonja Drobnič (A06)


Data release: Version 0.002: Second release


Revisions: This codebook is an updated version of the publication: Tonelli, Simone, Tobias Böger, Keonhi Son, Petra Buhr, Sonja Drobnič, and Johannes Huinink. 2021. Codebook of Historical Dataset of Child Benefit (HDCB). Bremen: SFB 1342. https://media.suub.uni-bremen.de/handle/elib/5939.

Sources

Below is a list of common sources used to gather information on multiple countries. For country-specific sources and calculations, please refer to the Codebook of Historical Dataset of Child Benefits (Tran et al. Forthcoming).

  • Social Security Administration. Various years. Social Security Programs Throughout the World. Washington, DC: Government Printing Office. 1949-1999 reports: https://catalog.hathitrust.org/Record/003924614 2001-2019 reports: https:// www.ssa.gov/policy/docs/progdesc/ssptw
  • United Nations Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean. Non-Contributory Social Protection Programmes in Latin America and the Caribbean Database. Santiago de Chile: UN ECLAC – Social Development Division. https://dds.cepal.org/bpsnc/home.
  • UNU-WIDER. 2018. Social Assistance, Politics, and Institutions (SAPI) database [online]. Helsinki: United Nations University World Institute for Development Economics Research (UNU-WIDER). /project/sapi-social-assistance-politics-and-institutions-database.
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