View source for Regimes of the world index (string)

{{IndicatorForm
|datatype=String
|scale=Ordinal
|valuelabels=<ul>
<li>0 = Closed autocracy</li>
<li>1 = Electoral autocracy</li>
<li>2 = Electoral democracy</li>
<li>3 = Liberal democracy</li>
</ul>
|techname=polnat_polity_regimes_vdem
|category=Political factors
|label=Regimes of the world index (4 categories)
|relatedindicators=<ul>
<li>[[Regimes of the world index (10 categories)]]</li>
</ul>
|description=V-Dem's "Regimes of the world index" classifies political regimes on an ordinal scale ranging from closed autocracy (0) to liberal democracy (3).

Conceptually, the four regime types are defined as follows (Lührmann, Tannenberg, and Lindberg 2018, 63):
<ul>
<li>Closed autocracy: "No ''de-facto'' multiparty, or free and fair elections, or Dahl’s institutional prerequisites not minimally fulfilled; No multiparty elections for the chief executive or the legislature"</li>
<li>Electoral autocracy: "No ''de-facto'' multiparty, or free and fair elections, or Dahl’s institutional prerequisites not minimally fulfilled; ''De-jure'' multiparty elections for the chief executive and the legislature"</li>
<li>Electoral democracy: "''De-facto'' multiparty, free and fair elections, and Dahl’s institutional prerequisites minimally fulfilled; The rule of law, or liberal principles not satisfied"</li>
<li>Liberal democracy: "''De-facto'' multiparty, free and fair elections, and Dahl’s institutional prerequisites minimally fulfilled; The rule of law, and liberal principles not satisfied"</li>
</ul>
|codingrules=The classification is based on several components and high level democracy indices which in turn are indices built from a number of indicators applying V-Dem's measurement model (Pemstein et al. 2019). For the index aggregation formula and cut-off points see Lührmann, Tannenberg, and Lindberg 2018, 64 (also Coppedge et al. 2019, 254; Coppedge et al. 2020, 266).
|citation=Lührmann, Anna, Marcus Tannenberg, and Staffan I. Lindberg. 2018. "Regimes of the World (RoW): Opening New Avenues for the Comparative Study of Political Regimes." ''Politics and Governance'' 6 (1): 60–77. [https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v6i1.1214 https://doi.org/10.17645/pag.v6i1.1214]
|relatedpublications=<ul>
 <li>
Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg,
Jan Teorell, David Altman, Michael Bernhard, M. Steven Fish, Adam Glynn, Allen Hicken, Anna
Lührmann, Kyle L. Marquardt, Kelly McMann, Pamela Paxton, Daniel Pemstein, Brigitte Seim,
Rachel Sigman, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jeffrey Staton, Agnes Cornell, Lisa Gastaldi, Haakon Gjerløw,
Valeriya Mechkova, Johannes von Römer, Aksel Sundtröm, Eitan Tzelgov, Luca Uberti, Yi-ting Wang,
Tore Wig, and Daniel Ziblatt. 2019. "V-Dem Codebook v9". Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project.
 </li>
 <li>Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg, Jan Teorell, David Altman, Michael Bernhard, M. Steven Fish, Adam Glynn, Allen Hicken, Anna Lührmann, Kyle L. Marquardt, Kelly McMann, Pamela Paxton, Daniel Pemstein, Brigitte Seim, Rachel Sigman, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jeffrey Staton, Agnes Cornell, Lisa Gastaldi, Haakon Gjerløw, Valeriya Mechkova, Johannes von Römer, Aksel Sundtröm, Eitan Tzelgov, Luca Uberti, Yi-ting Wang, Tore Wig, and Daniel Ziblatt. 2020. "[https://www.v-dem.net/en/data/reference-materials-v10/ V-Dem Codebook v10" Varieties of Democracy]". Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project.
Project.</li>
 <li>
Pemstein, Daniel, Kyle L. Marquardt, Eitan Tzelgov, Yi-ting Wang, Juraj Medzihorsky, Joshua Krusell, Farhad Miri, and Johannes von Römer. 2019. "The V-Dem Measurement Model: Latent Variable Analysis for Cross-National and Cross-Temporal Expert-Coded Data". [https://www.v-dem.net/media/filer_public/60/a5/60a52aaf-008c-4d80-82ca-3bca827fbeb9/v-dem_working_paper_2019_21_4.pdf V-Dem Working Paper No. 21. 4th edition]. University of Gothenburg: Varieties of Democracy Institute.
 </li>
</ul>
|projectmanagers=Nils Düpont (A01), Paul Bederke
|datarelease=<ul>
 <li>Indicator updated with new data based on V-Dem release v10 on June 10, 2020</li>
 <li>Added missing data for Somaliland and Hong Kong from V-Dem release v10 on November 22, 2020</li>
</ul>
|revisions=<ul>
 <li>Note that V-Dem with v10 merged the historical codings and the contemporary ones. This may result in deviations between the different versions of the indicator, especially for the time period 1900-1920. For more details refer to their codebook.</li>
</ul>
|sources=<ul>
 <li>Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg, Jan Teorell, David Altman, Michael Bernhard, M. Steven Fish, Adam Glynn, Allen Hicken, Anna Lührmann, Kyle L. Marquardt, Kelly McMann, Pamela Paxton, Daniel Pemstein, Brigitte Seim, Rachel Sigman, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jeffrey Staton, Steven Wilson, Agnes Cornell, Lisa Gastaldi, Haakon Gjerløw, Nina Ilchenko, Joshua Krusell, Laura Maxwell, Valeriya Mechkova, Juraj Medzihorsky, Josefine Pernes, Johannes von Römer, Natalia Stepanova, Aksel Sundström, Eitan Tzelgov, Yi-ting Wang, Tore Wig, and Daniel Ziblatt. 2019. "V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v9". Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project. [https://doi.org/10.23696/vdemcy19 https://doi.org/10.23696/vdemcy19]</li>
 <li>Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg, Jan Teorell, David Altman, Michael Bernhard, M. Steven Fish, Adam Glynn, Allen Hicken, Anna Luhrmann, Kyle L. Marquardt, Kelly McMann, Pamela Paxton, Daniel Pemstein, Brigitte Seim, Rachel Sigman, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jeffrey Staton, Steven Wilson, Agnes Cornell, Nazifa Alizada, Lisa Gastaldi, Haakon Gjerløw, Garry Hindle, Nina Ilchenko, Laura Maxwell, Valeriya Mechkova, Juraj Medzihorsky, Johannes von Römer, Aksel Sundström, Eitan Tzelgov, Yi-ting Wang, Tore Wig, and Daniel Ziblatt. 2020. ”V-Dem [Country–Year/Country–Date] Dataset v10”. Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project. [https://doi.org/10.23696/vdemds20 https://doi.org/10.23696/vdemds20]</li>
</ul>
}}