View source for Electoral democracy index

{{Indicator
|datatype = Numeric
|scale = Metric
|valuelabels = Not applicable
|techname = polnat_polity_democ_polyarchy_vdem
|category = [[Political_factors|Political factors]]
|label = Electoral democracy index
|relatedindicators = 
 <ul>
  <li>[[Liberal democracy index]]</li>
  <li>[[Participatory democracy index]]</li>
  <li>[[Deliberative democracy index]]</li>
  <li>[[Egalitarian democracy index]]</li>
 </ul>

|description = 
The "Electoral democracy index" is one of five V-Dem's high level democracy indices capturing features of democracy at the most abstract level.
The "Electoral democracy index" in particular captures to what extent the ideal of '''electoral''' democracy is achieved. It ranges from low (0) to high (1).

Conceptually, it is defined as follows:
"The electoral component of democracy embodies the core value of making rulers responsive
to citizens through competition for the approval of a broad electorate during periodic
elections. We have opted to capture Dahl's (1998) concept of polyarchy, which identifies the
following political institutions as constitutive of modern representative democracy: (1)
elected officials; (2) free, fair and frequent elections; (3) freedom of expression and alternative
sources of information; (4) associational autonomy; and (5) inclusive citizenship (universal
suffrage)" (Coppedge et al. 2016, 582).

|codingrules = The index is composed of several components and lower-level indices applying V-Dem's measurement model (Pemstein et al. 2019) which in turn are indices built from a number of indicators. For the index aggregation formula see Coppedge et al. 2019, Appendix A.

More specifically, it "measures [its] features using the elected executive index (''v2x_accex'', based on 12 indicators), the clean elections index (''v2xel_frefair'', based on 8 indicators), the freedom of expression index (''v2x_freexp_thick'', based on 9 indicators, including 3 for alternative sources of information), the freedom of association index (''v2x_frassoc_thick'', based on 6 indicators), and the suffrage indicator (''v2x_suffr''). All indices range from 0 to 1, and all except that on elected executive (which is a derived construct) are based on point predictions from Bayesian factor analyses (BFA) that all support unidimensionality" (Coppedge et al. 2016, 582) [emphasis in original; note that variable names in italics refer to V-Dem's nomenclature in their dataset, not necessarily in WeSIS].

|citation = 
<ul>
 <li>Coppedge, Michael, Staffan Lindberg, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jan Teorell. 2016. "Measuring high level democratic principles using the V-Dem data". ''International Political Science Review'' 37 (2): 580-593. [https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512115622046 https://doi.org/10.1177/0192512115622046]
</li>
</ul>

|relatedpublications = 
<ul>
 <li>
Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg,
Jan Teorell, David Altman, Michael Bernhard, M. Steven Fish, Adam Glynn, Allen Hicken, Anna
Lührmann, Kyle L. Marquardt, Kelly McMann, Pamela Paxton, Daniel Pemstein, Brigitte Seim,
Rachel Sigman, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jeffrey Staton, Agnes Cornell, Lisa Gastaldi, Haakon Gjerløw,
Valeriya Mechkova, Johannes von Römer, Aksel Sundtröm, Eitan Tzelgov, Luca Uberti, Yi-ting Wang,
Tore Wig, and Daniel Ziblatt. 2019. "[https://www.v-dem.net/en/reference/version-9-apr-2019/ V-Dem Codebook v9]". Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project.
 </li>
 <li>
Dahl, Robert A. 1998. ''On Democracy''. New Haven: Yale University Press.
 </li>
 <li>
Teorell, Jan, Michael Coppedge, Staffan Lindberg, and Svend-Erik Skaaning. 2019. "Measuring Polyarchy Across the Globe, 1900–2017". ''Studies in Comparative International Development'' 54 (1): 71–95. [https://doi.org/10.1007/s12116-018-9268-z https://doi.org/10.1007/s12116-018-9268-z]
 </li>
 <li>
Pemstein, Daniel, Kyle L. Marquardt, Eitan Tzelgov, Yi-ting Wang, Juraj Medzihorsky, Joshua Krusell, Farhad Miri, and Johannes von Römer. 2019. "The V-Dem Measurement Model: Latent Variable Analysis for Cross-National and Cross-Temporal Expert-Coded Data". [https://www.v-dem.net/media/filer_public/60/a5/60a52aaf-008c-4d80-82ca-3bca827fbeb9/v-dem_working_paper_2019_21_4.pdf V-Dem Working Paper No. 21. 4th edition]. University of Gothenburg: Varieties of Democracy Institute.
 </li>
</ul>

|projectmanagers = Nils Düpont (A01)

|datarelease =
<ul>
 <li>Not yet applicable</li>
</ul>

|revisions = 
<ul>
 <li>Not yet applicable</li>
</ul>

|sources = 
<ul>
 <li>Coppedge, Michael, John Gerring, Carl Henrik Knutsen, Staffan I. Lindberg, Jan Teorell, David Altman, Michael Bernhard, M. Steven Fish, Adam Glynn, Allen Hicken, Anna Lührmann, Kyle L. Marquardt, Kelly McMann, Pamela Paxton, Daniel Pemstein, Brigitte Seim, Rachel Sigman, Svend-Erik Skaaning, Jeffrey Staton, Steven Wilson, Agnes Cornell, Lisa Gastaldi, Haakon Gjerløw, Nina Ilchenko, Joshua Krusell, Laura Maxwell, Valeriya Mechkova, Juraj Medzihorsky, Josefine Pernes, Johannes von Römer, Natalia Stepanova, Aksel Sundström, Eitan Tzelgov, Yi-ting Wang, Tore Wig, and Daniel Ziblatt. 2019. "V-Dem Country-Year Dataset v9". Varieties of Democracy (V-Dem) Project. [https://doi.org/10.23696/vdemcy19 https://doi.org/10.23696/vdemcy19]</li>
</ul>
}}